Frequently Asked Questions

Intellectual property rights are confined to the jurisdictions where they are granted. At present CGIAR Centres are based in fifteen different countries and CGIAR scientists and staff are working in over 100 countries, each of them with its own set of national laws in the area of intellectual property. This section does not pretend to cover information from each and every country where the CGIAR is present. The information in this section is general in nature and provides a useful perspective on intellectual property and technology transfer practices worldwide. It does not however, represent CGIAR policy and should not be interpreted as such.

Frequently Asked Questions About:

Patents

What is a patent?
What is the rationale of a patent system?
Is there a “worldwide” patent?
What can be patented?
What types of patents are there?
Who is an inventor - Is every researcher an inventor?
What is a research exemption? - Is there a research exemption?
Why be concerned with other people’s patents?
Why conduct patent searches?
What is defensive publishing?
What is Freedom to Operate (FTO)?

Access & Benefit Sharing

What are Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) regimes?
When do ABS rules apply?
What biological materials are covered by ABS?
What are the benefits seek in these regimes?

Copyrights

What is Copyright? What are Author’s Rights?
What are the set of rights enclosed by Copyrights and Author’s Rights?
What is covered by Copyrights/Author’s Rights?
How do I obtain a Copyright/Author’s Rights on a work?
What is a Copyright notice?
What are registered Copyrights?
How long does Copyright last?
What is the Public Domain?
Why be concerned with other people’s Copyrights?
How to determine if it is copyrighted?
Can I use something that is copyrighted?
How do you retain rights when assigning copyright to a publisher?

Trademarks

What is a trademark? What is a service mark?
What is a certification mark? What is a collective mark?
What are Geographical Indications, Appellations of Origin and Indication of Source?
What is a trade secret?

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